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IMPORTANT TOPIC FOR SEBI GR A 2020 EXAM STUDY MATERIAL                                                                                       FINANCIAL MARKET The 4 Basic Types of Derivatives TYPE 1: FORWARD CONTRACTS Forward contracts are the simplest form of derivatives that are available today. Also, they are the oldest form of derivatives. A forward contract is nothing but an agreement to sell something at a future date. The price at which this transaction will take place is decided in the present. However, a forward contract takes place between two counterparties. This means that the exchange is not an intermediary to these transactions. Hence, there is an increase chance of counterparty credit risk. Also, before the internet age, finding an interested counterparty w...

IMPORTANT TOPIC FOR SEBI GR A  2020 EXAM STUDY MATERIAL                                                                                              Fiscal Policy and Monetary Policy Definition of Fiscal Policy When the government of a country employs its tax revenue and expenditure policies to influence the overall demand and supply for commodities and services in the nation’s economy is known as Fiscal Policy. It is a strategy used by the government to maintain the equilibrium between government receipts through various sources and spending over different projects. The fiscal policy of a country is announced by the finance minister through budget every year. If the revenue exceeds expenditure, then this situation is known as fiscal surplus, whereas ...

IMPORTANT TOPIC FOR SEBI GR A 2020 EXAM STUDY MATERIAL                                                                                             MANAGEMENT Principles of Risk Management Various organizations have laid down principles for risk management. There are risk management principles by International standardization Organization and by Project Management Body of Knowledge. The Project management body of knowledge (PMBOK) has laid down 12 principles. This article carries an amalgamation of both PMBOK and ISO principles. The various principles are: 1. Organizational Context: Every organization is affected to varying degrees by various factors in its environment (Political, Social, Legal, and Technological, Societal etc). For example, an organization...

IMPORTANT TOPIC FOR SEBI GR A 2020 EXAM STUDY MATERIAL  COSTING Basics of Cost Control and Analysis Budget and Budgetary Control Budget Budget represents the objectives of any organization that is based on the implication of forecast and related to planned activities. Budget is neither an estimate nor a forecast because an estimation is a predetermination of future events, may be based on simple guess or any scientific principles. Similarly, a forecast may be an anticipation of events during a specified period of time. A forecast may be for a specific activity of the company. We normally forecast likely events such as sales, production, or any other activity of the organization. On the other hand, budget relates to planned policy and program of the organization under planed conditions. It represents the action according to a situation which may or may not take place. Budgeting Budgeting represents the formation of the budget with the help and coordination of all or the various depa...

IMPORTANT TOPIC FOR SEBI GR A 2020 EXAM     STUDY MATERIAL                                                                                COMMERCE & ACCOUNTS RATIO ANALYSIS Ratio Analysis and its Applications Ratio analysis is a medium to understand the financial weakness and soundness of an organization. Keeping in mind the objective of analysis, the analyst has to select appropriate data to calculate appropriate ratios. Interpretation depends upon the caliber of the analyst. Ratio analysis is useful in many ways to different concerned parties according to their respective requirements. Ratio analysis can be used in the following ways: To know the financial      strength and weakness of an organization. To measure operative      efficiency o...

RBI GRADE B PHASE 2 ESI FM STUDY MATERIAL 2020 A Special Open Market Operation The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) conducted a special open market operation—simultaneously buying long-tenor bonds and selling short-tenor government bonds.It is the first time that the RBI has conducted a special open market operation (OMO) of this kind, similar to the 'Operation Twist' carried out in the United States near the start of the decade. Reason of announcing such move- This move announced  to target term spreads or the difference between the 10-year bond yield and that of a one-year treasury bill.Such a move is aimed at reducing long-term interest rates and spur bank lending. Reason of rising bond yields- Sudden hardening of the US bond yields- US bond yields have increased by about 20 bps in the last couple of days and that had a profound negative impact on the sentiments of bond market participants. Underperforming Rupee- On year to date basis, there is a 7?lta for Indian currencies perfo...

RBI GRADE B PHASE 2 ESI FM STUDY MATERIAL 2020 Reasons Behind Success of Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) Mass Communication Campaign: Swachh Bharat Mission, recognising the issue of social acceptability, launched a massive communication campaign to bring about a change in the social attitude. Reaching out to the masses effectively was one of the foremost foundations of this scheme.The Prime Minister of India's leadership in SBM, became the key ingredient for success of Swachh Bharat Mission. Clear Vision: Swachh Bharat Mission had clearly defined national targets, the action plan and outlined the tasks and roles at each level of operation. Use of Nudge Theory: Majority of funds in SBM have gone towards incentivising the poor and marginalised households to construct and use household toilets, bringing about behaviour change, and building capacities of field functionaries. Long Term Approach: Achieving ODF status hasn't led to closure of the mission.Government under rural sanitation ...

RBI GRADE B PHASE 2 ESI FM STUDY MATERIAL 2020 RBI Report on Bank Loans The Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) weekly statistical supplement released on 14th Feb 2020, showed that Indian banks' loans rose 7.1% in the two weeks to 31st January 2020 from a year earlier. It also showed that the deposits increased to 9.9%. In the fortnight to January 31, the outstanding loans rose Rs 989.26 billion ($13.86 billion) to Rs 101.03 trillion. Non-food credit rose Rs 1.02 trillion to Rs 100.24 trillion Food credit fell 32.02 billion rupees to Rs 788.99 billion Bank deposits rose Rs 1.98 trillion to Rs 133.24 trillion. WAP 8961215410 FOR DETAILS OF STUDY MATERIAL .

RBI GRADE B PHASE 2 ESI FM STUDY MATERIAL 2020 20th Financial Stability Report The Reserve Bank of India, RBI has released its 20th Financial Stability Report on 27th Dec 19. The report depicts that the country's financial system remains stable despite slowing economic growth. As per the 20th Financial Stability Report: The resilience of the banking sector has improved following recapitalization of Public Sector Banks (PSBs). Persistence of the risks arising out of global or domestic economic uncertainties and geopolitical developments like a delay in the Brexit deal, trade tensions, whiff of an impending recession, oil-market disruptions and geopolitical risks. India’s financial system remains stable notwithstanding weakening domestic growth. India’s exports could face headwinds in the event of sustained global slowdown. Current account deficit is likely to be under control reflecting muted energy price outlook. Scheduled commercial banks’ (SCBs) gross non-performing assets (GNPA)...

RBI GRADE B PHASE 2 ESI FM STUDY MATERIAL 2020 Budget 2020 - 21 Highlights  👉Economy and Finance: 🔸A new tax regime has been announced. But, this is optional in nature. The new regime is applicable to individuals who would opt out of the rebates-based old regime. The old regime is still there. If anyone wants to continue taking exemptions (deductions to bring down their taxable income), they will have to pay a higher tax rate(old regime). However, the ones opting out can benefit from lower tax rates. This is a move towards a cleaner and simpler tax structure. 🔸Bank deposit insurance cover has been increased from 1 lakh to 5 lakh. In the event of the bank run, people have improved financial security. This reform was long pending. In light of the ailing banking sector, this move will boost savings and deposit rates. 🔸A new Vivad se Vishwas scheme has been proposed. This is to settle litigation pertaining to direct taxes. The penalty and interest charges due to delay are waived of...

RBI GRADE B PHASE 2 ESI FM STUDY MATERIAL 2020 Reasons Behind Success of Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) Mass Communication Campaign: Swachh Bharat Mission, recognising the issue of social acceptability, launched a massive communication campaign to bring about a change in the social attitude. Reaching out to the masses effectively was one of the foremost foundations of this scheme.The Prime Minister of India's leadership in SBM, became the key ingredient for success of Swachh Bharat Mission. Clear Vision: Swachh Bharat Mission had clearly defined national targets, the action plan and outlined the tasks and roles at each level of operation. Use of Nudge Theory: Majority of funds in SBM have gone towards incentivising the poor and marginalised households to construct and use household toilets, bringing about behaviour change, and building capacities of field functionaries. Long Term Approach: Achieving ODF status hasn't led to closure of the mission.Government under rural sanitation ...

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL SCHEMES OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT TO DOUBLE FARMER INCOME 🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻 ☢ Soil Health Card (SHC) scheme by which the farmers can know the major and minor nutrients available in their soils which will ensure judicious use of fertiliser application and reduce cost of inputs and  improve soil fertility.  ☢ Neem Coated Urea is being promoted to regulate use of urea, enhance its availability to the crop and reduce cost of fertilizer application. The entire quantity of domestically manufactured and imported urea is now neem coated. ☢ Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) is being implemented with a view to promote organic farming in the country. This will improve soil health and organic matter content and increase net income of the farmer so as to realise premium prices.  ☢ Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY) is being implemented to expand  cultivated area with assured irrigation, reduce wastage of water and improve ...

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL 🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷 🔻 Essential and Beneficial elements:  ♨️A) Essential elements  - Which involved in plant metabolic functions   - Plant cannot complete its life cycle without them i.e essential element”.  - There are seventeen essential elements required for plant growth.  C, H, O, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Mo, Cl, Ni. ♨️Classification of Essential Elements  Based on the amount required by the plant:  i) Primary or major nutrients:   -Required relatively in large quantities by the plants for its growth and development.   -Ex: N, P, K.  ii) Secondary nutrients:  -Required in moderate amounts   - given secondary importance in its supply and management.   Ex: Ca, Mg , S. Micronutrients:   -Utilized by plants relatively in smaller quantities for their growth and development  but these are equally important & essential to ...

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL 🔷🔷 Special purpose crops 🔷🔷        🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻  (i) Row crops: Crops which are grown in rows with uniform spacing throughout the field. e. g.  cotton,  castor, sorghum, etc.     (ii) Support crops: certain fast growing crops work as supporter to vine crops. e.g. castor, shevri in betel vine, sorghum in cowpea/bean.     (iii) Wind break crops: Crops which are grown on boundaries to protect the field crops from wind.    (iv)  Cover crops: Cover crops are grown primarily to cover the soil and to reduce the lost of moisture and erosion by wind and water. e.g. groundnut, kidney bean, cowpea, mung bean.    (v)  Silage crops: Crop which are preserved in a succulent condition by partial fermentation in a tight silo pit. e.g. maize, sorghum, bajra.    (vi) Cash crops: crop grown for sale and brings money immediately. e.g. cotton, tobacco, potato, su...

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL DIVISION OF HORTICULTURE 🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻 Pomology: The term Pomology is derived from the Latin word ‘pomum’ meaning ‘fruits’ and the Greek term ‘logy’ meaning Science. Thus, pomology is the science of production of fruit crops. OR The science of growing fruit crops. (a) Tree fruits: Fruits are produced on tree e.g. Mango, Chiku, Citrus etc. (b) Small fruits: Fruits are produced on shrubs or vines e.g. Phalsa, Raspberry, Mulberry, Grapes, Gooseberry, Strawberry 🔶Olericulture: The term Olericulture is originated from Latin word ‘oleris’ meaning pot herb and the English word culture meaning raising of plants. Thus, olericulture is the science of vegetable crops. OR The cultivation of vegetable crops. e.g. brinjal, tomato, potato, radish, carrot, chilli, bottle gourd. 🔶Floriculture: It is a science of cultivation of flowers and ornamental plants for commercial purposes or merely for getting pleasure and as a hobby. 🔶Landscape gardening...

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL Classifications of Agro- forestry System based on Various Approaches: 🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻 1. Based on Structure: 1. Agri- silviculture: The land is used to produce both forest trees and agriculture crops either simultaneously or alternatively. 2. Silvi- pastoral system: In this system tress are managed to produced wood and fodder grasses and for rearing of domestic animals. 3. Agri – silvi- pastoral system: In this system combines agri- silviculture and silvi- pasture. 4. Multipurpose forestry production system: forest is managed to yield multiple product in addition to wood. They are grown to yield fruits, fruits, leaves, honey, gum, and medicine. This system is best suited for hill tribal. 2. Based on the Dominance of Components: 1. Silvo- agriculture: The trees are the major component of land use and the agriculture crops are integrated with then. E.g. shifting cultivation, taungya cultivation. 2. Agro- silviculture: Agricultural component...

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL: INDIA'S FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY The Union Minister of State for Food Processing Industries has stated that Pradhan Mantri Kisan SAMPADA Yojana (PMKSY) envisages creation of direct and indirect employment for 5,30,500 persons by 2020. Pradhan Mantri Kisan SAMPADA Yojana In the year 2016, the Ministry of Food Processing and Industries (MoFPI) had introduced an umbrella Scheme Called “Agro-Marine Processing and Development of Agro-Processing Clusters” or SAMPADA, which was proposed to be implemented with an allocation of Rs 6,000 crore for the period of 2016-20. In the year 2017, the government renamed SAMPADA scheme as Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana (PMKSY). The objective of PMKSY is to supplement agriculture, modernize processing and decrease Agri-Waste. The PMKSY has seven component schemes:Mega Food Parks, Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure, Infrastructure for Agro-Processing Clusters, Creation of Backward and ...

Economic Survey 2019-20 highlights: GDP growth pegged at 6-6.5% in fiscal year starting April 1, up from 5% in current fiscal ■ Fiscal deficit target for current fiscal may need to be relaxed to revive growth ■ Uptick in growth projected in second half of current fiscal based on 10 factors including higher FDI flows, build up of demand pressure, positive GST revenue growth ■ Survey asks government to deliver expeditiously on reforms to revive growth ■ Ethical wealth creation key to India becoming $5 trillion economy by 2025 ■ Share of formal employment increased from 17.9% in 2011 -12 to 22.8% in 2017-18 reflecting formalisation in the economy ■ Theme of Survey is wealth creation, promotion of pro-business policies, strengthening of trust in the economy ■ To achieve GDP of $5 trillion by 2024-25, India needs to spend about $1.4 trillion over these years on infrastructure ■ 2.62 crore new jobs created in rural, urban areas between 2011-12 and 2017-18 among regular wage/salaried employe...

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL: Budget 2020-21 On Agriculture, Fisheries & Allied Activities  1)Government is committed to doubling growth of farmer incomes by 2022. For this, farm markets need to be liberalised  2)Rs. 2.83 lakh cr allocated for agriculture and allied activities, irrigation, and rural development  3)Water stress related issues are a serious concern across the country. Government is proposing comprehensive measures for 100 water-stressed districts  4)20 lakh farmers to set up standalone solar pumps with help from government.  A scheme to help farmers to set up solar power generation units in their shallow or barren lands, so that they can make a living out of it  5)Government will ensure balanced use of all kinds of fertilisers -- traditional and innovative -- to change the current incentive regime which encourages excessive use of chemical fertilisers  6)A village storage scheme proposed to be run by self-help groups (S...

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL: National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture is one of the eight Missions under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). It is aimed at promoting Sustainable Agriculture via climate change adaptation measures, boosting agriculture productivity especially in Rainfed areas focusing on integrated farming, soil health management & synergizing resource conservation. Schemes under NMSA Rainfed Area Development (RAD) - implemented by RFS Division. Sub Mission on Agro Forestry (SMAF) - implemented by NRM Division Soil Health Management (SHM) - implemented by INM Division Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) - implemented by INM Division National Rainfed Area Authority (NRAA) - implemented by RFS Division Soil and Land Use Survey of India (SLUSI) - implemented by RFS Division National Centre of Organic Farming (NCOF) - implemented by INM Division Mission Organic Value Chain Developm...

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL: Pathology diseases 🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻🔻 ▪️Bacteria leaf blight of rice caused by  ? - Xanthomonas oryzae ▫️The disease caused by Leptosphaeria sacchari in sugarcane is ? - Ring spot ▪️Loose smut of wheat is ? - Internally seed borne ▫️The Karnal bunt of wheat is caused by  ? - Neovossia indica ▪️Sugarcane rust is caused by ? - Puccinia eriathi ▫️Leaf blight of wheat is caused by ? - Alternaria trictinia ▪️Stem rot of rice is caused by ? - Sclerotium oryzae ▫️Tungro disease of rice is spread by ? - Nephotettix virescens ▪️Ufra disease of rice is caused by ? - Ditylenchus ▫️ Whip smut of sugarcane is caused by  ? - Ustilago sciteminae ▪️Red rot of sugarcane is caused by  ? - Collectorichum falcatum ▫️Sugarcane mosaic disease is transmitted by ? - Rhopalosiphum maidis ▪️Disease also known as “Killer Disease of Wheat” is  ? - Black/ Stem rust ▫️Akiochi disease is due to  ? - Sulphur toxicity 🔻White rust of crucif...

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL TOXINS PRODUCED IN PLANTS  Toxins Plants  ∗ Gossypol : Cotton  ∗ Neurotoxin (BOAA) : Lathyrus  ∗ Erucic acid : Rapeseed and mustard  ∗ Goitrogen : Soybean  ∗ Saponin and plant estrogens : Alfalfa/Lucerne  ∗ Aflatoxin : Groundnut  ∗ Coumarin : Sweet clover  ∗ HCN glucocides/Prussic acid/ Dhurin : Sorghum  ∗ Steroidal alkaloids : Potato  ∗ Alkaloids : Yam  ∗ Resins : Mango  ∗ Antivitamin E Factor : Field pea  ∗ Polyphenolics : Safflower and sunflower  ∗ Tripsin inhibiters : Pigeon pea, French bean & Soybean  ∗ Haemaggutinins : French bean  ∗ Lathyrogens : Lathyrus sativus (Khesari)  ∗ Glucocides : White clover  ∗ Eicosenoic acid : Rapeseed and mustard  ∗ Cucurbitacins : Cucurbits  ∗ CN glucocides : Cassava  ∗ Oxalic acid : Pearl millet, Napier grass TO BUY STUDY MATERIAL WAP 8961215410 FOR DETAILS.

NABARD GR A AGRICULTURE ARD STUDY MATERIAL NUTRIENTS AND THEIR SOURCES  Nutrients  :  Sources  ∗ Nitrogen  : Organic matter  ∗ Phosphorus (P) : Apetite and Al & Fe phosphate  ∗ Potash (K) : Arthoclase, Micas, Feldspar  ∗ Calcium (Ca) : Dolomite, Calcite  ∗ Magnesium (Mg) : Dolomite, Muscovite  ∗ Sulphur (S) : Gypsum, Pyrite, Organic matter  ∗ Iron (Fe) : Pyrite, Magnetite  ∗ Molybdenum (Mo) : Olivine  ∗ Boron (B) : Tourmaline  ∗ Manganese (Mn) : Magnetite TO BUY STUDY MATERIAL  WAP 8961215410 FOR DETAILS.

EPFO ENFORCEMENT OFFICER STUDY MATERIAL & BOOKS 2020: Various factors in GAAP: Accounting concepts:The separate entity concept: From an accounting perspective, the business company is treated as a separate economic entity. It has been established that only business entity's actions and transactions must be recorded and reported. The personal activities of possessors and other business entities are accounted for separately unless the activities have direct impact on business firm.Money Measurement Concept: Accounting records of only those transactions that can be expressed, in terms of money, though quantitative records are kept, additionally. If the events or transactions cannot be expressed in monetary value, however important they are, they are not recorded in accounts. The money measurement concept augments the true understanding of the state of affairs of the business.Dual Aspect Concept: This is the fundamental concept of accounting. As per this concept, for every debit, t...

EPFO ENFORCEMENT OFFICER STUDY MATERIAL & BOOKS 2020: INDIAN ECONOMY ABOUT FINANCE COMMISSION Constitutional Provisions Article 280 of the Constitution of India provides for a Finance Commission as a quasi judicial body. It is constituted by the president of India every fifth year or at such an earlier time as he considers necessary. Composition The Finance Commission consists of a chairman and four other members to be appointed by the president. They hold office for such a period as specified by the president in his order. As per The Finance Commission Rules, 1951,The chairman should be a person having experience in public affairs and the four other members should be selected from amongst the following:A judge of high court or one qualified to be appointed as one. A person who has specialised knowledge of finance and accounts of the government. A person who has wide experience in financial matters and in administration. A person who has special knowledge of economics Functions The...

EPFO ENFORCEMENT OFFICER STUDY MATERIAL & BOOKS 2020: Social security schemes for unorganised sector: In order to provide social security benefits to the workers in the unorganised sector, the Government has enacted the Unorganised Workers Social Security Act, 2008. Some of the welfare schemes for unorganised workers stipulated under this act are: 1. The National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP), launched in 1995 is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of the Government of India that provides financial assistance to the elderly, widows and persons with disabilities in the form of social pensions. 2. Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), launched in 2005, is a safe motherhood intervention under the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) being implemented with the objective of reducing maternal and neonatal mortality by promoting institutional delivery among the poor pregnant women. 3. Rajiv Gandhi Shilpi Swasthya Bima Yojana aims at financially enabling the artisans’ community to access to the best...

EPFO ENFORCEMENT OFFICER STUDY MATERIAL & BOOKS 2020: Features of New Industrial Policy Strengthening of Private Sector Abolition of licensing system for large number of industries Greater role of private sector envisaged Contraction in field of operations for public sector Dismantling of controls Dispersing IndustriesPolicy to shift industries away from big congested cities to rural and backward areas Incentives were brought to attract industries to village and backward regions Favoured agro-based industries near the farming areas Limiting role of public sectorPolicy pointed out the grey area which were not fit for PSUs and needs to be vacated by them Liberalization of foreign investmentsForeign investment in the form of FDI allowed up to 50% with automatic approval Foreign investment in export promotion activities Foreign technology had been made easy by allowing automatic approvals for technology related agreements Promotion of Small Scale Industries (SSI)It ensured adequate sup...

EPFO ENFORCEMENT OFFICER STUDY MATERIAL & BOOKS 2020: Labour Laws in India: Reforms, Acts and Policies Labour laws in India are quite complex and governed by many acts which were enacted from time to time to address the growing needs of labour regulations. The Ministry of Labour and Empoyment has responsibility to protect and safeguard the interests of workers in India. Basically labour laws consist of a collection of laws, administrative rules which reflect or explain the legal rights as well as legal restrictions on the workforce and their organisations. Labour laws are formulated to protect the interest and rights of labour workforce. Labour laws are basically divided into two categories: Collective Labour Laws: It contains the laws related to the tripartite agreement between employee, employers and trade unions. Individual Labour Laws: It is concerned about the rights of individual employees at workplace. Objective of Labour Policy or Labour Legislations Labour legislations hav...